Faktor atmosfer dalam visibilitas hilal menurut Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG)

Munir, Badrul (2019) Faktor atmosfer dalam visibilitas hilal menurut Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG). Masters thesis, UIN Walisongo.

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Abstract

Secara geografis dan geologis, Indonesia merupakan negara dengan potensi pembentukan awan yang sangat tinggi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kandungan uap air, kelembaban udara, dan curah hujan di hampir seluruh wilayah di Indonesia sangat tinggi pula. Kondisi ini mengakibatkan sulitnya melakukan pengamatan Hilal di Indonesia, karena keberhasilan pengamatan Hilal itu tidak hanya ditentukan oleh posisi Hilalnya saja secara astronomis, melainkan ditentukan juga oleh keadaan atmosfer pada saat pengamatan. Dengan ini perlu dilakukan kajian terhadap faktor atmosfer dalam visibilitas Hilal di Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan meteorologis dan klimatologis, data yang digunakan sebagai sumber primer adalah data-data hasil pengamatan BMKG di Manado dan Kupang serta hasil wawancara dengan para ahli yang bertugas di BMKG Pusat Jakarta dan literatur-literatur terkait yang lain sebagai sumber sekundernya. Setidaknya ada 2 faktor atmosfer yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan pengamatan Hilal, yaitu : 1) Kecerahan atmosfer (clearness number) pada saat pengamatan, 2) Tutupan awan yang dinyatakan dalam satuan langit perdelapan, persepuluh, atau persen. Pengaruh faktor atmosfer dalam visibilitas Hilal dibuktikan dengan menurunnya visibilitas Hilal yang diketahui menggunakan model Katsner yang telah dimodifikasi dengan penambahan koreksi kecerahan langit. Pengamatan Hilal yang dilakukan oleh BMKG di Manado pada tanggal 10 September 2018, model Katsner yang belum termodifikasi menunjukkan nilai visibilitas Hilal sebesar 2,5 dan dapat diamati ssjak menit ke 10 sampai menit ke 36 setelah ghurub, sedangkan pada model Katsner termodifikasi, visibilitas mata telanjang menunjukkan nilai negatif yang berarti Hilal tidak dapat teramati.dan model Katsner termodifikasi, visibilitas teleskop menunjukkan nilai sebesar 2,2 serta dapat diamati sejak menit ke 12 sampai menit ke 30 setelah ghurub.

ABSTRACT:

Geographically and geologically, Indonesia is a country with a very high cloud formation potential. This shows that the moisture content, air humidity, and rainfall in most of regions in Indonesia are very high. This condition caused the difficulty of crescent observation in Indonesia, for the success of crescent observation is not only determined by the crescent position astronomically, but also by the condition of atmosphere at the time of observation. Those, it is necessary to do some researches towards atmospheric factor in visibility of crescent in Indonesia. In this research, the author uses qualitative research methods with meteorological and climatological approach, the data that is used as primary sources is the data from Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG) observations in Manado and Kupang and the results of interviews with some experts whom work at BMKG Central Jakarta, and some related literatures as secondary sources. There are 2 atmospheric factors that influence the success of crescent observation, they are: 1) Atmospheric brightness (clearness number) at the time of observation, 2) Cloud cover that is stated in units of eighth cloud, tenths, or percent. The effect of atmospheric factors on crescent visibility is evidenced by the decrease of crescent visibility which is known with the use the Katsner model which has been modified by increasing correction of sky brightness. Crescent observations which are done by BMKG in Manado on September 10, 2018, the Katsner model which has not been modified shows that crescent visibility of 2.5 and can be observed from the 10th minute to the 36th minute after sunset, whereas with the modified Katsner model, the visibility of the naked eye shows a negative rate which means that crescent cannot be observed, and with the modified Katsner model, the visibility of the telescope shows rate of 2.2 and can be observed from the 12th minute to the 30th minute after sunset.

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Pengamatan hilal; Atmosfer; Kecerahan atmosfer; Rukyatul hilal
Subjects: 200 Religion (Class here Comparative religion) > 290 Other religions > 297 Islam and religions originating in it > 297.2 Islam Doctrinal Theology, Aqaid and Kalam > 297.26 Islam and secular disciplines > 297.265 Islam and natural science (Incl. Islamic Astronomy/Ilmu Falak)
500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 520 Astronomy and allied sciences > 527 Celestial navigation
Divisions: Program Pascasarjana > Program Master (S2) > 50102 - Ilmu Falak (S2)
Depositing User: Miswan Miswan
Date Deposited: 16 Feb 2021 01:27
Last Modified: 16 Feb 2021 01:27
URI: https://eprints.walisongo.ac.id/id/eprint/12126

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