Imkān al-Ru’yah Ma’şūm Ali (Konsep Visibilitas Hilāl dalam Kitab Badī’ah al-Miśāl dan Aplikasinya dalam Penetapan Awal Bulan Hijriyah)

Nasir, M. Rifa Jamaludin (2013) Imkān al-Ru’yah Ma’şūm Ali (Konsep Visibilitas Hilāl dalam Kitab Badī’ah al-Miśāl dan Aplikasinya dalam Penetapan Awal Bulan Hijriyah). Masters thesis, IAIN Walisongo.

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Abstract

Penelitian berupa tesis ini mengemukakan pemikiran Imkān al-Ru’yah Ma’şūm Ali (Konsep Visibilitas Hilāl dalam Kitab Badī’ah al-Miśāl dan Aplikasinya dalam Penetapan Awal Bulan Hijriyah). Penelitian ini berawal dari adanya pergulatan dalam penetapan awal bulan hijriyah di Indonesia. Imkān al-ru’yah yang dianggap sebagai penengah antara mazhab hisab dan mazhab rukyah, telah menjadi perbincangan utama dalam penetapan awal bulan hijriyah, terutama setelah adanya kriteria imkān al-ru’yah (visibilitas Hilal) yang dipakai oleh Kementrian Agama RI. Kriteria visibilitas Hilal Kementrian Agama RI sendiri kurang begitu mendapat respon positif, terlebih dari kalangan astronomi karena dianggap sebagai kriteria syar’i bukan kriteria astronomi. Konsep visibilitas Hilal sendiri belum tentu bisa dipakai oleh setiap daerah, sehingga penelitian-penelitian tentang konsep visibilitas Hilal lokal sangat diperlukan sekali untuk membuat suatu kriteria visibilitas Hilal yang mapan untuk daerah Indonesia. Ma’şum Ali dalam masterpiece yaitu kitab Badī‘ah al-Miśāl mengemukakan sebuah kriteria visibilitas Hilal. Dalam penelitian ini, persoalan yang dibahas adalah: 1. Bagaimana konstruksi kriteria imkān al-ru’yah Ma’şūm Ali dalam perspektif astronomi modern? 2. Bagaimana implementasi dan kontribusi aplikatif dari kriteria imkān al-ru’yah Ma’şūm Ali dalam penetapan awal bulan hijriah di Indonesia? Objek dari penelitian ini adalah pemikiran Imkān al-Ru’yah Ma’şūm Ali, terutama dalam kitab Badī‘ah al-Miśāl. Pendekatan yang diambil yaitu pendekatan astronomi. Adapun metode analisis data yang digunakan memakai metode deduksi holistika.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan, pertama; Konstruksi kriteria imkān al-ru’yah Ma’şūm Ali (pada kitab Badī’ah al-Miśāl) dapat diterima dan diaplikasikan, karena secara astronomis formulasi-formulasi yang dipakai sebagai pedoman teori sesuai dengan konsep dan pergerakan Matahari serta Bulan. Kedua; Implementasi dari kriteria imkān al-ru’yah dipraktikkan sendiri oleh Ma’şūm Ali Adapun kontribusi aplikatif dari kriteria imkān al-ru’yah Ma’şūm Ali, ialah teori ini bisa digunakan sebagai teori imkān al-ru’yah di Indonesia berdasar data teoretik dan aplikasi empirik.

ABSTRACT
This research review the thinking of Ma’şūm Ali about Imkān al-Ru’yah (The concept of New Moon Visibility from the book Badī’ah al-Miśāl, example and Its Application in Determination of the beginning Hijriyah month). This study begins from the discussion of the determination of the beginning Hijriyah month in Indonesia. Imkān al-ru’yah considered as a win-win solution between the schools of hisab and the schools of rukyah has been a major debate in the determination of the beginning Hijriyah month, especially after Imkān al - ru'yah (Hilal visibility) used as a criterion by the Ministry of Religious Affairs. This criterion used by the Ministry of Religious Affairs less so a positive response especially from the astronom because it is considered as a syar’i criterion not astronomic criterion. The concept of Hilal visibility itself can not be used by each region, so that the research on the concept of local Hilal visibility is very desirable to make a Hilal visibility criterion established for all of region in Indonesia. Ma’şūm Ali in his masterpiece that is the book Badī’ah al-Miśāl deliver Hilal visibility criteria. This study will discuss three points. First, How the perspective of modern astronomy is about Imkān al-ru’yah criterion by Ma’şūm Ali . Second, how the implementation of the criterion is and what the contribution of the concept Imkān al-ru’yah by Ma’şūm Ali is for the determination of the beginning Hijriyah Month in Indonesia. The object of this study is the thought of Ma’şūm Ali about Imkān al-ru’yah especially in the book of Badī’ah al-Miśāl. The approach taken is astronomical approach . The method of data analysis is using deduction holistika method .
The results showed , first ; the construction of Imkān al-ru’yah by Ma’şūm Ali (the book of Badī’ah al-Miśāl) is acceptable and applicable because of the astronomical formulations used as guidelines is correspond to the concept and theory of Sun and Moon movement. Second, implementation of criteria Imkān al-ru’yah practiced by Ma’şūm Ali himself. The contribution of the Imkān al-ru’yah criterion by Ma’şūm Ali is that this theory can be applied as an Imkān al-ru’yah theory in Indonesia based on theoretical data and empirical applications.

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Imkan Rukyah; Visibilitas Hilal; Awal Bulan Hijriyyah
Subjects: 200 Religion (Class here Comparative religion) > 290 Other religions > 297 Islam and religions originating in it > 297.2 Islam Doctrinal Theology, Aqaid and Kalam > 297.26 Islam and secular disciplines > 297.265 Islam and natural science (Incl. Islamic Astronomy/Ilmu Falak)
Divisions: Program Pascasarjana > Program Master (S2)
Depositing User: Miswan Miswan
Date Deposited: 10 Feb 2014 06:59
Last Modified: 10 Feb 2014 06:59
URI: https://eprints.walisongo.ac.id/id/eprint/1498

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