Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja (PHK) seringkali menimbulkan permasalahan hukum antara pengusaha dan pekerja, khususnya terkait pemenuhan hak pesangon. Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja telah mengatur secara tegas dalam Pasal 156 ayat (1) bahwa pengusaha wajib membayar uang pesangon, penghargaan masa kerja, dan penggantian hak kepada pekerja yang terkena PHK. Namun dalam praktiknya, tidak sedikit pengusaha yang mengabaikan kewajiban ini, bahkan setelah adanya putusan dari Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sanksi pidana terhadap pengusaha yang tidak membayarkan pesangon kepada pekerja berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 185 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja, serta meninjau hal tersebut dalam perspektif hukum pidana Islam. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan yuridis empiris dengan spesifikasi deskriptif analitis. Data diperoleh melalui studi pustaka dan wawancara dengan pihak terkait, termasuk eks pekerja dan lembaga bantuan hukum.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindakan pengusaha yang tidak memenuhi kewajiban pembayaran pesangon merupakan bentuk pelanggaran hukum yang dapat dikenai sanksi pidana berupa pidana penjara dan/atau denda. Dalam perspektif hukum Islam, tindakan tersebut termasuk bentuk kezaliman yang bertentangan dengan prinsip keadilan dan perlindungan hak pekerja. Islam memerintahkan agar upah pekerja diberikan secara tepat waktu dan melarang penundaan pembayaran hak. Oleh karena itu, baik secara hukum positif maupun hukum Islam, pengusaha yang tidak membayar pesangon wajib dipertanggungjawabkan secara hukum.

ABSTRACT:
Termination of Employment (PHK) often leads to legal disputes between employers and workers, particularly concerning the fulfillment of severance pay rights. The Job Creation Law explicitly stipulates in Article 156 paragraph (1) that employers are obligated to pay severance pay, long service awards, and compensation for rights to workers who are terminated. However, in practice, many employers neglect this obligation, even after a decision has been issued by the Industrial Relations Court.
This research aims to analyze the criminal sanctions imposed on employers who fail to pay severance to workers based on the provisions of Article 185 paragraph (1) of the Job Creation Law, as well as to review this issue from the perspective of Islamic criminal law. The method used in this study is an empirical juridical approach with descriptive-analytical specifications. Data were obtained through literature study and interviews with relevant parties, including former workers and legal aid institutions.
The results of the study show that the act of an employer failing to fulfill the obligation to pay severance constitutes a legal violation that can be subject to criminal sanctions in the form of imprisonment and/or fines. From the perspective of Islamic law, such actions constitute injustice and contradict the principles of justice and protection of workers' rights. Islam commands that workers’ wages be paid on time and prohibits the delay in fulfilling their rights. Therefore, under both positive law and Islamic law, employers who do not pay severance must be held legally accountable.