Partisipasi stakeholder dalam perwakafan : studi kasus di RS Roemani, YBWSA, dan Masjid Agung Semarang
Budiman, Achmad Arief (2016) Partisipasi stakeholder dalam perwakafan : studi kasus di RS Roemani, YBWSA, dan Masjid Agung Semarang. Dr/PhD thesis, UIN Walisongo.
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Abstract
Wakaf merupakan lembaga filantropi Islam yang seharusnya menerapkan tata kelola yang baik agar manfaat wakaf optimal. Salah satunya dengan memberikan kesempatan bagi stakeholder untuk berpartisipasi. Tetapi dalam realitasnya partisipasi stakeholder dalam perwakafan masih sangat rendah. Hal ini karena belum terbangunnya kesadaran pihak pengelola (na>z}ir) dalam memberikan kesempatan stakeholder untuk berpartisipasi. Faktor lain disebabkan ketidaktahuan stakeholder akan hak yang dimilikinya dalam pengelolaan wakaf. Jenis penelitian disertasi ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan good governance. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah lembaga-lembaga wakaf yang memiliki variasi dan dinamika pengelolaan, profesionalitas, serta keterwakilan lembaga. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Roemani, Yayasan Badan Wakaf Sultan Agung (YBWSA), dan Masjid Agung Semarang (MAS). Dari lembaga-lembaga wakaf tersebut ditentukan stakeholder wakaf yaitu: wa>qif, mauqu>f ‘alaih, pemerintah, dan masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah deskriptif analitis, yaitu metode yang memusatkan pada penemuan fakta-fakta (fact finding) sebagaimana keadaan sebenarnya. Temuan penelitian disertasi ini adalah: Pertama, Dasar partisipasi kecuali dimotivasi oleh kesadaran dan kepentingan stakeholder juga dikarenakan adanya regulasi dan sistem yang dibangun lembaga wakaf. Namun, belum semua lembaga wakaf memiliki sistem yang mendukung partisipasi stakeholder. Kedua, Bentuk partisipasi stakeholder di tiga lembaga wakaf meliputi; partisipasi dalam pengambilan keputusan, pelaksanaan program, pengambilan manfaat, dan pengawasan. Adapun partisipasi stakeholder dikelompokkan dalam beberapa pola: (1) Berdasarakan inisiatifnya partisipasi stakeholder di RS Roemani dan MAS berasal dari stakeholder sendiri, sedangkan di YBWSA insiatif selain berasal dari stakeholder juga dari lembaga wakaf, (2) Berdasarkan cara partisipasinya, stakeholder di tiga lembaga wakaf melakukan partisipasi secara langsung. Kecuali partisipasi mauqu>f ‘alaih di RS Roemani yang dilakukan secara tidak langsung (3) Berdasarkan identifikasinya partisipasi stakeholder di RS Roemani dan YBWSA dilakukan secara tunggal, sementara di MAS dilakukan secara berkoalisi. Ketiga, Partisipasi stakeholder telah berkontribusi dalam penguatan kelembagaan wakaf, penjagaan dan produktifitas aset wakaf, dan terbangunnya kesadaran stakeholder. Meski demikian partisipasi stakeholder belum merupakan sistem yang integral. Partisipasi masih bersifat sporadis dan parsial. Akibatnya tata kelola lembaga wakaf belum optimal dalam mewujudkan wakaf yang produktif.
ABSTRACT
Waqf is one of Islamic philanthropy institutions which is supposed to be well managed in order to optimize its profits. One of the ways is providing an opportunity for the stakeholders to participate. In reality, nevertheless, the stakeholder participation in waqf is still considered low. This is due to the unawareness of the management (nazir) in supporting the stakeholders to take part. Another cause is the stakeholder lack of knowledge about their rights in the management of waqf. This dissertation is a qualitative research employing good governance approach. The samples of the research are the institutions of waqf having various and dynamic management, professionalism, and representativeness. The research was conducted in Roemani Hospital, Yayasan Badan Waqaf Sultan Agung (YBWSA – Waqf Board Foundation of Sultan Agung), and Agung Mosque of Semarang (MAS). Stakeholders which are selected from the institutions are waqif, mauquf alaih, the government, and the society. This research applies analytical descriptive, a method that focuses on facts finding according to the factual condition. The dissertation reveals that: (1) the influencing factors of the stakeholder participation in those three waqf institutions are divided into two, the one of the waqf institutions and the other is of the stakeholders. From the waqf institutions, the participation is supported by the regulations and the system that is developed by the institutions. However, not all waqf institution has such a system that supports the stakeholder participation. Meanwhile, from the stakeholder side, they take part by the reasons of profession, religiosity, social, as well as right fulfillment; (2) the stakeholder participation in waqf institutions take the form of participating in decision making, program implementation, utilization, and supervision; (3) stakeholder participation has contributed to strengthen the waqf institutions, maintenance, and productivities of the assets of waqf, as well as developing stakeholder awareness. Nevertheless, stakeholder participation is not yet an integral system. It is still sporadic and partial. As the results, the management has not been able to optimally actualize productive waqf.
Item Type: | Thesis (Dr/PhD) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Wakaf; Stakeholder; RS Roemani; YBWSA; Masjid Agung Semarang |
Subjects: | 200 Religion (Class here Comparative religion) > 290 Other religions > 297 Islam and religions originating in it > 297.5 Islamic ethics, practice > 297.54 Zakat (Wakaf, Hibah, Infak, Sedekah, dll.) |
Divisions: | Program Pascasarjana > Program Doktor (S3) > 76003 - Studi Islam (S3) |
Depositing User: | Miswan Miswan |
Date Deposited: | 08 Dec 2020 07:12 |
Last Modified: | 08 Dec 2020 07:12 |
URI: | https://eprints.walisongo.ac.id/id/eprint/11902 |
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