‘Āisyah adalah salah seorang sahabat yang paling banyak meriwayatkan hadis-hadis Rasulullah Saw. Beliau juga peran yang sangat besar dalam menjaga hadis Rasulullah sangat besar. Bahkan beliau tidak segan-segan mengkritik hadis-hadis yang beliau anggap tidak sesuai dengan maksudnya. Namun, ternyata sikap para ulama salaf dalam memahami kasus ini beragam. Ada yang mendukung sikap ‘Āisyah dan ada pula yang tidak mendukung. Tesis ini membahas “Pengaruh Kritik Matan ‘Āisyah Ra. terhadap Pensyarahan Ibn Ḥajar al-‘Asqalānī dalam Kitab Fatḥ Al-Bārī.”. adapun rumusan masalah adalah Bagaimana metode pensyarahan Ibn Ḥajar Al-‘Asqalānī terhadapat kritik matan ‘Āisyah Ra. dalam Kitab Fatḥ Al-Bārī? Dan bagaimna pengaruh kritik matan ‘Āisyah Ra. terhadap pensyarahan Ibn Ḥajar Al-‘Asqalānī dalam Kitab Fatḥ Al-Bārī.?
Penelitian ini berjenis penelitian kualitatif yang merupakan penelitian pustaka (library research). Sumber data meliputi sumber primer yaitu yaitu kitab al-Ijābah li 'īrādi mā Istadrakathu ‘Āisyah ‘alā aṣ-Ṣahābah karya Badruddin az-Zarkasyi dan kitab Fatḥ Al-Bārī karya Ibn Ḥajar; dan sumber sekunder yaitu buku–buku ilmiah yang ada relevansinya dengan pensyarahan Ibn Ḥajar Al-‘Asqalānī dalam kitab Fatḥ Al-Bārī dan kritik matan ‘Āisyah. Metode pengumpulan data yang penulis gunakan adalah metode dokumentasi. Dalam menganalisis matan penulis menggunakan beberapa metode: pertama; pendekatan content analisis, dan kedua; pendekatan historis.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan bahwa; pertama; dalam kitab Fatḥ Al-Bārī karya Ibn Ḥajar al-‘Asqalānī terdapat lima sahabat yang dikritik oleh ‘Āisyah Ra., yaitu ‘Umar bin Khaṭṭāb, Abū Hurairah, Abdullāh bin Abbās, Abdullāh bin ‘Umar Ibn Khaṭṭāb, dan ‘Urwah bin az-Zubair. Dengan metode al-Jam’u wa at-Taufiq, dan at-tarjih. Kedua; ditemukan bahwa ternyata kritik ‘Āisyah tidak selamanya mempengaruhi pensyarahan Ibn Ḥajar al-‘Asqalānī. Terbukti bahwa ada kritik ‘Aisyah yang tidak dianggap dan ada juga di kompromikan dengan yang diikritik.

ABSTRACT:
‘Aisyah was one of the best sahabah who narrated hadits of the Prophet Pbuh. She also played a very large role in maintaining hadits of the Prophet Pbuh. very large. In fact, she did not hesitate to criticize hadits which he considered not in accordance with his intentions. However, it turns out the attitude of the salaf scholars in understanding this case varies. There are those who support the attitude of Ā Āisyah and some who do not. This thesis discusses the "Influence of Matan Critic of Āisyah Ra. to understanding Ibn Ḥajar al-‘Asqalānī in Book under title Fatḥ Al-Bārī." as for the formulation of the problem is How Ibn Ḥajar Al-‘Asqalānī's method of devotion to matan atan Āisyah Ra. in the Book under title Fatḥ Al-Bārī? And how the influence of matan critic of ‘Āisyah Ra. to the sacrifice of Ibn Ḥajar Al-‘Asqalānī in the Fatḥ Al-Bārī Book?
This research is a qualitative research which is a library research. The sources’s data are primary sources, namely the book al-Ijābah li 'īrādi mā Istadrakathu ‘Āisyah‘ alā aṣ-Ṣahābah by Badruddin az-Zarkasyi and the book Fatḥ Al-Bārī by Ibn Ḥajar; and secondary sources, namely scientific books that are of relevance to Ibn Ḥajar Al-‘Asqalānī's book in the Fatḥ Al-Bārī and critics of Matan ‘Āisyah. The data collection method that I use is the documentation method. In analyzing the authors use several methods: first; content analysis approach, and secondly; historical approach.
Based on the results of the study, it was found that; first; in the book of Fatḥ Al-Bārī by Ibn Ḥajar al-'Asqalānī there are five friends who are criticized by 'Āisyah Ra. Have founded in shahih al-Bukhari, that ‘Āisyah was critic five sahabah of Prophet Muhammad Pbuh., there are ‘Umar bin Khaṭṭāb, Abū Hurairah, Abdullāh bin Abbās, Abdullāh bin ‘Umar Ibn Khaṭṭāb, and ‘Urwah bin az-Zubair.. With the method of al-Jam'u wa at-Taufiq, and at-tarjih. Second; it was found that it turns out that the critique of Āiisyah did not always affect Ibn Ḥajar al-‘Asqalānī's devotion. It was proven that there was criticism ‘Aisha who was not considered and there was also a compromise with the criticized.