Penentuan awal pasah dan tellasan di Pondok Pesantren Al-Karawi seringkali berbeda dengan keputusan Pemerintah (Kementerian Agama RI) atau ormas Islam, seperti Nahdlatul Ulama atau Muhammadiyah. Pondok Pesantren Al-Karawi menggunakan metode hisab yang disusun oleh salah satu pengasuh pondok pesantren tersebut dalam menentukan awal pasah dan tellasan. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menjawab permasalahan: (1) Mengapa penentuan awal pasah dan tellasan di Pondok Pesantren Al-Karawi Kabupaten Sumenep seringkali berbeda dengan ketetapan Pemerintah? (2) Bagaimana respons masyarakat terhadap penentuan awal pasah dan tellasan di Pondok Pesantren Al-Karawi Kabupaten Sumenep? Permasalahan tersebut dibahas dengan penelitian lapangan (field research) melalui pendekatan socio legal studies. Sumber primer dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara dengan keturunan Pondok Pesantren Al-Karawi, masyarakat dan tokoh masyarakat Desa Karay, sedangkan sumber sekundernya berupa buku-buku Falak dan hasil penelitian, seperti jurnal, Tesis atau Disertasi. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa data kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data tersebut selanjutnya dianalisis dengan cara deskriptif analitik.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penentuan awal pasah dan tellasan di Pondok Pesantren Al-Karawi seringkali berbeda dengan Pemerintah karena hisab yang digunakan oleh Pondok Pesantren Al-Karawi tergolong hisab ‘urfi yang berdasarkan kepada periode bulan sideris (siderial month) dan condong kepada hisab ‘urfi khama>si>. Karismatik yang dimiliki oleh Kiai Pondok Pesantren Al-Karawi mampu menarik simpati masyarakat Desa Karay, sehingga mengikuti penentuan awal pasah dan tellasan di pondok pesantren tersebut. Masyarakat mempercayai bahwa Kiai Pondok Pesantren Al-Karawi sebagai wali. Jasa Kiai Pondok Pesantren Al-Karawi sangat besar dalam pandangan masyarakat Desa Karay, sehingga terbangun hubungan patronase antara kiai, santri dan masyarakat yang cukup kuat. Hubungan tersebut menjadi faktor yang tidak terpisahkan dengan fenomena penentuan awal pasah dan tellasan di Pondok Pesantren Al-Karawi.

ABSTRACT:
The beginning determination of fasting and Eid in Al-Karawi Islamic Boarding Schools is often different from the decisions of the government (Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia) or Islamic organizations, such as NahdlatulUlama or Muhammadiyah. Al-Karawi Islamic Boarding School uses the calculating method compiled by one of the boarding school educators in determining the beginning of fasting and Eid. This research is intended to answer the problems: (1) Why is the beginning determination of fasting and Eid in Al-Karawi Islamic Boarding School in Sumenep Regency often different from the government's decision? (2) What is the community response to the beginning determination of fasting and Eid in Al-Karawi Islamic Boarding School in Sumenep Regency? These problems are discussed with field research through the socio legal studies approach. The primary sources in this study are interviews with descendants of Al-Karawi Islamic Boarding School, the community and Karay Village community leaders, while the secondary sources are Islamic astronomy books and research results, such as journals, theses or dissertations. The data in this study is in the form of qualitative data with data collection methods in the form of interviews and documentations. The data is then analyzed using descriptive analytic methods.
The results of this study indicate that the beginning determination of fasting and Eid Al-Karawi Islamic Boarding School is often different from the government because the calculating used by Al-Karawi Islamic Boarding School is classified as urfi calculating with its own characteristics which are inclined to urfi ruling khamasi. Charismatics that owned by kiai Al-Karawi Islamic Boarding School is able to attract the sympathy of the people of Karay Village, so that they follow the beginning determination of fasting and Eid in the boarding school. The community believes that the Al-Karawi Islamic Boarding School Kiai is a guardian. There are many services of Al-Karawi Islamic Boarding School Kiai in the view of the people of Karay Village, so a patronage relationship between kiai, santri and the community is quite strong. The relationship is an inseparable factor with the phenomenon of the beginning determination of fasting and Eid in Al-Karawi Islamic Boarding School.