Flacourtia rukam merupakan spesies koleksi terbanyak dari genus Flacourtia di Kebun Raya Bogor yang memiliki karakter morfologi bervariasi karena hasil ekplorasi dari tiga pulau berbeda meliputi Sumatra, Sulawesi, dan Kalimantan. Variasi morfologi menjadi indikator keragaman genetik akan tetapi molekuler penting dalam menghindari homoplasy. Keragaman genetik menjadi salah satu pertimbangan penting untuk upaya konservasi dan program pemuliaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keragaman genetik Flacourtia rukam koleksi Kebun Raya Bogor berdasarkan marka morfologi, molekuler ISSR, dan kekerabatan antar keduanya. Analisis keragaman genetik menggunakan software NTSYSPC 2.11a metode UPGMA klastering SAHN dengan nilai koefisien similaritas Simple Matching. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keragaman genetik melalui marka morfologi nilai similaritasnya yaitu 0.54-0.84 sedangkan marka molekuler yaitu 0.418-0.727. Koleksi 156 dan 174 menjadi yang paling mirip pada karakter morfologi. Permukaan batang, bangun, dan tepi daun adalah karakter dengan keragaman tinggi. Koleksi 115 dan 156 memiliki nilai similaritas tertinggi, 0.727 pada analisis marka molekuler ISSR. Hasil dendrogram melalui marka molekuler ISSR mengelompok berdasarkan asal observasi dan representatif terhadap karakter morfologi daun. Variasi makro geofisik di Indonesia diduga menjadi penyebab keragaman genetik Flacourtia rukam antar dua pulau asal yaitu Sumatra dan Sulawesi. Rata-rata PIC yang dihasilkan empat primer ISSR adalah 0.447dan cukup representatif dalam mendeterminasi keragaman genetik Flacourtiq rukam.

ABSTRACT:
Flacourtia rukam is the most collectible species of the genus Flacourtia in the Bogor Botanical Garden which has a varied morphological character due to the exploration results of three different islands, Sumatra, Sulawesi, and Kalimantan. Morphologi variations are indicators of genetic diversity but molecular is important in avoiding homoplasy. Genetic diversity is one of the important considerations for conservation efforts and breeding programs. This stud aims to analyze the genetic diversity of Flacourtia rukam collection of the Bogor Botanical Gardens baed on morphological markers, molecular ISSR, and genetic relationship between the two. To determine genetic diversity it was analyzed through NTSYSPC 2.11a software using the UPGMA methode of clustering SAHN with simple matching (SM) similarity coefficient value. The results showed genetic diversity through morphological arkings the similarity value was 0.54-0.84. The analysis used molecular arkings of 0.418-0.727. Collections 156 and 174 became the most similar in morphological characters. The surface of the stem, shape, and edge of the leaf are characters with high diversity. Collections 115 and 156 have the highest similarity value on the ISSR molecular marking analysis. The dendrogram analysis of ISSR has a correlation to morphologi markings by grouping based on the origin of observations and leaf morphology. Macrogeophysical varations in Indonesia are throught to be the cause of Flacourtia rukam genetic diversity between two native islands, namely Sumatra and Sulawesi. The average PIC produced by the four primary is 0.447 which means it is quite representative in deteining the genetic diversity of Flacourtia rukam.