Pergumulan pemikiran fiqih wasaṭiyyah Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī

Khusen, Moh (2022) Pergumulan pemikiran fiqih wasaṭiyyah Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī. Dr/PhD thesis, UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI WALISONGO SEMARANG.

[thumbnail of 1500039010_Khusen_Disertasi] Text (1500039010_Khusen_Disertasi)
1500039010_Khusen_Disertasi_Full - moh khusen.pdf - Accepted Version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives.

Download (6MB)

Abstract

Judul Penelitian: Pergumulan Pemikiran Fiqih Wasaṭiyyah Yūsuf al- Qaraḍāwī
Nama : Moh Khusen
NIM 1500039010
Pemikiran Islam moderat sebagai alternatif beragama di tengah maraknya gerakan Islam radikal sering dituduh sebagai model pelaksanakan agama yang terreduksi, tidak konsisten, bahkan liberal. Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī sebagai mantan aktivis al-Ikhwān al-Muslimūn mengembangkan konsep fiqih wasaṭiyyah yang lebih berkarakter keseimbangan khususnya dalam hubungan antara Muslim dan non-Muslim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab pertanyaan: 1) Mengapa Yūsuf al- Qaraḍāwī yang berlatar belakang aktivis al-Ikhwān al-Muslimūn mengembangkan pemikiran Fiqih Wasaṭiyyah?; 2) Bagaimanakah corak istimbat hukum pemikiran Fiqih Wasaṭiyyah Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī?; 3) Bagaimanakah implementasi pemikiran fiqih Wasaṭiyyah Yūsuf al- Qaraḍāwī dalam konteks pergumulan pemikiran hukum Islam? Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) bersifat deskriptif kualitatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah hermeneutik, usul fiqih, dan sociology of knowledge. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode studi dokumentasi dan dianalisis menggunakan teknik critical discourse analysis.
Penelitian ini menghasilkan tiga kesimpulan, yakni: pertama, pergumulan pemikiran Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī yang ditandai dengan perubahan ideologi dari al-Ikhwān al-Muslimūn menjadi wasaṭiyyah adalah dilandasi oleh motivasinya untuk bermanfaat bagi seluruh umat sekaligus guna menahbiskan dirinya sebagai mufti global yang otoritatif dalam rangka penyebaran ide wasaṭiyyah Islam yang dia posisikan sebagai argumentasi tandingan kelompok ekstremisme berbasis agama sekaligus landasan utama bagi kebangkitan Islam (al-ṣaḥwah al-Islāmiyyah). Kedua, istimbat hukum fiqih wasaṭiyyah Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī sangat kuat mendorong pemberlakuan tajdīd (pembaharuan) yang fleksibel dengan metode maṣlaḥah yang ditopang oleh itjihad intiqā’ī dan insyā’ī serta kaidah-kaidah fiqih (al- qawāʻid al-fiqhiyyah) sebagai penyeimbang. Ketiga, implementasi manhaj wasaṭiyyah dalam fatwa hukum tentang hubungan Muslim dan non-Muslim

membuktikan adanya pergumulan pemikiran Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī sehingga menghasilkan fatwa yang lebih bernuansa politis, apologetik, bahkan dalam beberapa kasus lebih dekat kepada pemikiran Salafi jihadi, meskipun hal ini tetap dapat dipahami dalam konteks kondisi darurat peperangan sekaligus pembelaan diri atas realitas ketidakadilan yang disahkan.
Research title : The Struggle of Thinking Behind Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī’s
Wasaṭiyyah Jurisprudence
Name : Moh Khusen Student Number: 1500039010

Moderate Islamic thought as an alternative amidst the rise of radical Islamic movements is often accused of being a reduced, inconsistent, even liberal model of implementing religion. Yūsuf al- Qaraḍāwī as a former al-Ikhwān al-Muslimūn activist developed the concept of wasaṭiyyah fiqh which is more characterized by balance, especially in relations between Muslims and non-Muslims. This study aims to answer the following questions: 1) Why did Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī, who has an al-Ikhwān al-Muslimūn activist background, develop Fiqh Wasaṭiyyah?;
2) What is the methodological basics of Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī’s Wasaṭiyyah jurisprudence?; 3) How is the implementation of Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī's jurisprudence within the framework of the struggle of Islamic legal thought? This study is a library research with descriptive qualitative in nature. The approaches used are hermeneutic, uṣūl al-fiqh, and sociology of knowledge. Data was collected using the documentation study method, and analyzed using critical discourse analysis techniques.
This research yields three conclusions, namely: first, the shift in Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī's thoughts from al-Ikhwān al-Muslimūn activists to wasaṭiyyah was based on his motivation to spread benefits for all people as well as ordain himself as an authoritative global mufti for Muslims around the world in the context of the dissemination of the idea of wasaṭiyyah Islam which he claimed as a counter argument for religious-based extremism groups as well as the main foundation for the revival of Islam (al-ṣaḥwah al-Islāmiyyah). Second, the methodological basics of Yūsuf al- Qaraḍāwī’s wasaṭiyyah jurisprudence is very strong in encouraging the application of tajdīd (renewal) with flexibility in nature. He uses maṣlaḥah supported by itjihad intiqā'ī and insyā'ī as well as legal maxims (al-qawāʻid al-fiqhiyyah) as a counterbalance. Third, the implementation of the wasaṭiyyah principles in his fatwas concerning Muslim and non-Muslim relations proves that there is a struggle in the thoughts of Yūsuf al- Qaraḍāwī resulting fatwas that are more political, apologetic, even closer to

Salafi jihadi thought, although this can be understood in the context of an emergency condition of war as well as self-defense of the legalized injustice.

Item Type: Thesis (Dr/PhD)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Hukum Islam; Fiqh Wasatiyyah; Pemikiran; Pergumulan Pemikiran; Yusuf Qardawi
Subjects: 200 Religion (Class here Comparative religion) > 290 Other religions > 297 Islam and religions originating in it > 297.3 Islamic Worship / Ibadah
200 Religion (Class here Comparative religion) > 290 Other religions > 297 Islam and religions originating in it > 297.5 Islamic ethics, practice
Divisions: Program Pascasarjana > Program Doktor (S3) > 76003 - Studi Islam (S3)
Depositing User: Ana Afida
Date Deposited: 24 Feb 2024 04:47
Last Modified: 24 Feb 2024 05:29
URI: https://eprints.walisongo.ac.id/id/eprint/22474

Actions (login required)

View Item
View Item

Downloads

Downloads per month over past year

View more statistics