Spirit etik Gusjigang : studi atas spiritualitas usaha mikro kecil dan menengah muslim Kudus

Mustaqim, Muhamad (2022) Spirit etik Gusjigang : studi atas spiritualitas usaha mikro kecil dan menengah muslim Kudus. Dr/PhD thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang.

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Abstract

Gusjigang merupakan profil ideal bagi masyarakat Kudus yang merangkai tiga karakter: akhlak, intelektual relijius dan bisnis. Ungkapan ini diyakini merupakan ajaran dari sunan Kudus yang menjadi perilaku sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perilaku keagamaan, motivasi dan spiritualitas para pengusaha Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) Kudus.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Obyek penelitian adalah para pengusaha UMKM di Kabupaten Kudus, dengan mempertimbangkan sebaran lokasi usaha pada masing-masing kecamatan. Selain itu, para tokoh yang mempunyai kaitan dengan fokus penelitian juga menjadi nara sumber dalam penelitian ini. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisis data dengan melakukan reduksi data, penyajian data dan teknik penyimpulan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: pertama, para pengusaha UMKM muslim di Kudus termasuk taat dalam menjalankan ajaran agama. Mereka melaksanakan kewajiban agama, menjalankan ritual keagamaan seperti mengikuti manaqiban atau tahlilan dan pengajian rutin. Mereka juga menyediakan
fasilitas beribadah kepada para karyawan, serta mengadakan pengajian bagi para karyawan. Sebagian pengusaha UMKM ini juga terlibat dalam organisasi keagamaan. Kedua, Motivasi bisnis para pengusaha UMKM muslim di Kudus ini sebagian besar terkait dengan motivasi material, seperti berbisnis untuk mencari rezeki, mendapatkan keuntungan dan mencukupi kebutuhan keluarga. Namun ada beberapa pengusaha yang mengaku berbisnis untuk ibadah, berdakwah, mencari keberkahan dan menyalurkan hobi. Ketiga, gusjigang merupakan perilaku sosial masyarakat Kudus yang diyakini berasal dari ajaran Sunan Kudus. Gusjigang menjadi spirit yang mempengaruhi perilaku sosial masyarakat Kudus, termasuk dalam perilaku bisnis. Para pengusaha UMKM secara umum memahami istilah gusjigang. Mereka memilik persepsi bahwa ada kaitan antara agama (spiritual) dengan berbisnis atau bekerja. Selain itu mereka juga menganggap bekerja atau berbisnis ini sebagai ibadah.

ABSTRACT:
Gusjigang is considered an ideal profile for the Kudus society that combines three main characters: noble moral, religious intellectual, and business expert. This statement is believed to be a teaching from Sunan Kudus, which becomes social behavior or phenomenon for Kudus society. This study examined the religious behavior, motivation, and spirituality of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) entrepreneurs in Kudus.
This research used a qualitative approach by field research and involved MSME entrepreneurs in Kudus, considering the distribution of business locations in each district. In addition, social figures related to the research focus were also employed as data resources in this study. Interviews, observation, and documentation were used as data collection techniques, while data reduction, data presentation, and inference techniques were employed as data analysis techniques.
The results of the study showed that: first, Muslim MSME entrepreneurs in Kudus are mostly obedient in practicing religious teachings. They implemented religious obligations and rituals such as attending manaqiban or tahlilan and other regular Islamic
practices or studies. They also provided praying facilities for employees as well as organized Islamic teaching events for them. Some of these MSME entrepreneurs are also involved in religious organizations. Second, the business motivation of Muslim MSME entrepreneurs in Kudus was mainly related to material motivations, such as doing business to earn sustenance, making profits, and fulfilling family needs. However, several entrepreneurs claimed to do business for the sake of practicing worship, preaching, seeking blessings, and running hobbies. Third, Gusjigang is the social behavior of the Kudus society which is believed to have originated from the noble teachings of Sunan Kudus. Moreover, Gusjigang becomes a spirit that influences social behavior, including business behavior. Most MSME entrepreneurs generally comprehend the term Gusjigang as a philosophical value. Consequently, they perceived a connection between religious (spirituality) values and business or work practices. In addition, they also considered business or work practices as a part of practicing worship as well.

Item Type: Thesis (Dr/PhD)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Spirit etik; Bisnis; Gusjigang; Spiritualitas; Usaha mikro kecil dan menengah (UMKM) muslim
Subjects: 200 Religion (Class here Comparative religion) > 290 Other religions > 297 Islam and religions originating in it > 297.2 Islam Doctrinal Theology, Aqaid and Kalam > 297.27 Islam and social sciences > 297.273 Islam and economics
Divisions: Program Pascasarjana > Program Doktor (S3) > 76003 - Studi Islam (S3)
Depositing User: Miswan Miswan
Date Deposited: 15 Nov 2024 07:46
Last Modified: 15 Nov 2024 07:46
URI: https://eprints.walisongo.ac.id/id/eprint/25135

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