Masjid Jami’ Al-Anwar merupakan masjid tertua yang ada di provinsi Lampung dibangun pada tahun 1839. Pada masa lampau, penentuan arah kiblat pada masjid masih menggunakan metode yang sederhana dan instrumen tradisional. Implikasi dari penggunaan metode yang masih sederhana adalah tingkat akurasi yang rendah. Namun, arah kiblat Masjid Jami Al-Anwar presisi menjadi kontradiktif jika menilik metode dan instrumen yang digunakan pada masa itu.
Penelitian ini mengusung pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode penelitian lapangan untuk menggali sejarah metode penentuan dan mengakurasikan arah kiblat masjid dengan instrumen modern. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan penelusuranliteratur, wawancara kepada narasumber yakni tokoh masyarakat, tokoh agama, serta pihak kanwil kemenag provinsi Lampung. akurasi yang dilakukan menggunakan metode azimuth kiblat dengan instrumen theodolite dan mizwala qibla finder.
Hasil penelitian didapat bahwa arah kiblat masjid ada pada azimuth 295o 18’ 25,82” sedangkan arah kiblat masjid saat ini diukur dengan instrumen theodolite bernilai 295o 12’ 10” dan instrumen mizwala bernilai 295o 12’ 13,82”. Sehingga selisih antara arah kiblat sesungguhnya dan arah kiblat masjid saat ini hanya pada nilai 0o 6’ 15,82”. Berdasarkan teori toleransi kemelencengan arah kiblat, maka masjid Jami’ Al-Abror dikategorikan sebagai masjid yang arah kiblatnya akurat. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi keakuratan arah kiblat masjid Jami’ Al-Anwar berdasarkan tinjauan historis diantaranya: metode penentuan arah mata angin menggunakan tongkat istiwa akurat, perkembangan keilmuan, pendekatan religius.
Kata Kunci: akurasi arah kiblat, akurat, toleransi, kemelencengan, metode penentuan arah kiblat.
 
ABSTRACT:
Jami' Al-Anwar is the oldest mosque in the province of Lampung, built in 1839. In the past, the direction of the kiblat in the mosque was still determined by simple methods and traditional instruments. Implications of the use of still simple methods are low levels of accuracy. However, the direction of the Kiblat Jami Al-Anwar Mosque precision became contradictory if it had the methods and instruments used at the time.
This research combines qualitative approaches with field research methods to dig the history of determination methods and isolate the direction of the kiblat mosque with modern instruments. The data collection was carried out through literature searches, interviews with sources such as public figures, religious figures, as well as the authorities of the province of Lampung. The accuracy is performed using the kiblat azimuth method with theodolite instruments and the mizwala qibla finder.
The results of the study found that the direction of the kiblat of the mosque is at the azimuth 295o 18’ 25,82” whereas the current direction is measured with the theodolite instruments worth 295° 12’ 10” and the mizwala instruments value 295o 12’ 13,82”. The difference between the actual direction of kiblat and the current mosque kiblat is only at the value of 0o 6’ 15,82”. Based on the theory of tolerance of the inclination with the Kiblat direction, then Jami’ Al-Abror mosque has been categorized as a mosque whose direction of Kiblat is accurate. Several factors influence the accuracy of the direction of the kiblat of the Jami’ Al-Anwar mosque based on historical examination of them: methods of determining the directions of the windshield using accurate rods, scientific development, religious approaches.
Keywords: qibla direction accuracy, accurate, tolerance, deviation, qibla direction determination method.