This thesis titled “The Role of Imām Mahdī Doctrine of Shī’ah in the Iranian Revolution in 1979”. In this thesis, the writer try to explain the role of Imām Mahdī in the Iranian society’s struggle in order to defeat the Pahlevy authoritarian’s governance.All policies that were promulgated by Pahlevy Dynasty have raised various issues in the social, political, economic and cultural. Many problems, such as poverty, corruption, violence by the military, the gap between social classes and western lifestyles are reason to do the Revolution. Beside the pressures of social, political, economic and cultural, the internal composition of the Islamic Revolution of Iran is Shī’ah tradition. Iranian people got justification of their movement through the doctrines of Shī’ah. One of those doctrines is the Imām Mahdī. Since the beginning of its appearance, the discourse of the Imām Mahdī is often associated with the issue of insurgency and the release of the authoritarian reign. Although Imam Mahdī was ghāib until now, Iranian society remained faithful to this doctrine. Even, they made it as a revolutionary ideology in the Iranian Revolution.
The main issues of this research are, (1) what is the role of Imām Mahdī doctrine of Shī’ah in the Iranian revolusion in 1979 and (2) what is the role of Imām Mahdī doctrine of Shī’ah toward State constitution formed after Iranian Revolution in 1979. The method that is used by researcher is qualitative research with the types of Library research. In addition, the writer also takes a historical approach by emphasizing the political issues. Through historical approach, the writers reveal the ways government of Pahlavi dynasty that is becomes the main factor of the Iranian revolution. Through this approach, the writer also tries to find the role of Imām Mahdī doctrine in some religious movement that has done by Shī’ah followers, including its role in the Iranian revolution.
The results of this thesis explain that through re-purposing the Imam Mahdī doctrine by the Iranian revolution’s figures, makes the Imām Mahdī doctrine as one of the revolutionary ideology for the Iranian society. That revolution is the implementation of positive intidzār. While the people are passive and not taking part in the revolution are the ones who do negative intidzār. Therefore, they break the Shī’ah belief. And Imām Mahdī is a symbol of the victory that has been promised by God to those who are oppressed and have good deed. Thus, although during the Iranian revolution Imām Mahdī was still in his ghāib time, he was an imaginary leader in that event. The figure that drives and unites Iranian society. However in the state constitution that established after Iranian Revolution, Imām Mahdī in his ghāib time was the leader of their country. This is reflected in the highest position of Ahl al-hallī Wa al-Waqdī in government structure of the Islamic Republic of Iran. It is also available in 5 and 19 section of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran. This article contains the coercive qualification to the leader of Iran. By applying it, Iranian society could be led by the right man in the time oh ghaibāt.