Asrah batin sebagai tradisi komunal : pemahaman sistem makna melalui developmental research sequence James Spradley

Rozikin, Akhmad Choirur (2025) Asrah batin sebagai tradisi komunal : pemahaman sistem makna melalui developmental research sequence James Spradley. Undergraduate (S1) thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang.

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Abstract

Tradisi komunal adalah seperangkat nilai, kebiasaan, dan pengetahuan yang dimiliki bersama serta diwariskan secara turun-temurun dalam suatu masyarakat. Aspek komunal yang ada dalam upacara Asrah Batin terletak pada praktik yang diwariskan secara kolektif sebagai living tradition dan dijalankan secara bersama-sama oleh masyarakat dari tahap persiapan hingga pelaksanaan, termasuk dalam penyediaan sesaji, penyelenggaraan prosesi, dan pengiringan doa bersama yang didalamnya mencerminkan nilai kebersamaan, solidaritas, keterikatan sosial, dan spiritualitas. Pelestarian tradisi komunal memiliki makna strategis dalam mempertahankan kearifan lokal dan mengembangkan kesadaran budaya masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis rangkaian prosesi dalam tradisi Asrah Batin, mengkaji bagaimana masyarakat mengungkapkan makna budaya dari setiap rangkaian prosesi dalam tradisi Asrah Batin, dan mengkaji peran tradisi Asrah Batin dalam memperkuat identitas sosial-budaya masyarakat Desa Ngombak dengan Desa Karanglangu.
Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research), dengan metode penelitian kualitatif melalui pendekatan etnografi baru yang berdasar pada metode “Developmental Research Squence (DRS)” yang diadopsi dari alur penelitian James Spradley. Proses pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui berbagai teknik, termasuk observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Dalam prosesnya, peneliti melakukan wawancara mendalam dengan pelaku budaya yang berasal dari penduduk asli baik Desa Ngombak maupun Desa Karanglangu dengan ikut terlibat secara partisipatif. Kajian ini mengikuti kerangka khas yang dikembangkan oleh James Spradley, Metode ini berlandaskan lima prinsip utama, yakni penggunaan teknik tunggal, identifikasi tugas, maju bertahap, penelitian orisinal, dan pemecahan masalah (problem-solving).
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tradisi Asrah Batin merupakan praktik budaya yang terdiri dari serangkaian prosesi terstruktur dan saling berkaitan, dimulai dari Gebyug beserta ritual pendahulunya, dilanjutkan dengan kerja bakti napak tilas menuju Banyu Mumpang, prosesi Tubo dengan pembuatan obat tradisional Jenu, ziarah makam leluhur, serta saserahan dan midodareni yang memuncak pada prosesi utama penuh makna simbolik berupa silaturahmi dua desa sebagai representasi pertemuan kembali dua saudara leluhur. Setiap rangkaian tersebut mengandung nilai historis, ekologis, sosial, dan spiritual yang memperkuat identitas budaya masyarakat serta merepresentasikan sistem makna kolektif yang diyakini dan dijalankan secara turun-temurun. Pelaksanaan tradisi ini melibatkan berbagai pemangku kepentingan, mulai dari tokoh adat, pemerintah desa, panitia pelaksana, hingga masyarakat umum, yang masing-masing memainkan peran penting dalam merawat keberlangsungan tradisi melalui kolaborasi antara struktur adat, sosial, dan kelembagaan formal. Tradisi Asrah Batin dengan demikian tidak hanya menjadi warisan simbolik, melainkan juga praktik hidup yang merekatkan kohesi sosial dan memperkuat jati diri komunal masyarakat Desa Ngombak dan Karanglangu.

ABSTRACT:
Communal tradition is a set of values, habits and knowledge that are shared and passed down from generation to generation in a society. The communal aspect of the Asrah Batin ceremony lies in the practices that are collectively inherited as a living tradition and carried out jointly by the community from the preparation stage to the implementation, including the provision of offerings, the organization of the procession, and the accompaniment of joint prayers which reflect the values of togetherness, solidarity, social attachment, and spirituality. The preservation of communal traditions has a strategic meaning in maintaining local wisdom and developing community cultural awareness. This research aims to analyze the series of processions in the Asrah Batin tradition, examine how people express the cultural meaning of each series of processions in the Asrah Batin tradition, and examine the role of the Asrah Batin tradition in strengthening the socio-cultural identity of the Ngombak Village community with Karanglangu Village.
This research uses a type of field research, with qualitative research methods through a new ethnographic approach based on the “Developmental Research Squence (DRS)” method adopted from James Spradley's research flow. The data collection process in this research was conducted through various techniques, including participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. In the process, the researcher conducted in-depth interviews with cultural actors from the indigenous population of both Ngombak and Karanglangu Villages by engaging in a participatory manner. This study follows the distinctive framework developed by James Spradley, which is based on five main principles, namely the use of a single technique, task identification, gradual progression, original research, and problem-solving.
The results of this study show that the Asrah Batin tradition is a cultural practice consisting of a series of structured and interrelated processions, starting from Gebyug and its predecessor rituals, followed by a pilgrimage to Banyu Mumpang, Tubo procession with the making of Jenu traditional medicine, a pilgrimage to the ancestor's grave, as well as saserahan and midodareni, culminating in the main procession full of symbolic meaning in the form of a gathering of two villages as a representation of the reunion of two ancestral brothers. Each of these series contains historical, ecological, social and spiritual values that strengthen the community's cultural identity and represent a collective meaning system that is believed and carried out for generations. The implementation of this tradition involves various stakeholders, ranging from traditional leaders, village government, organizing committee, to the general public, each of whom plays an important role in maintaining the continuity of the tradition through collaboration between customary, social and formal institutional structures. The Asrah Batin tradition is thus not only a symbolic heritage, but also a living practice that bonds social cohesion and strengthens the communal identity of the Ngombak and Karanglangu villagers.

Item Type: Thesis (Undergraduate (S1))
Uncontrolled Keywords: Asrah batin; Developmental research sequence; James Spradley; Tradisi komunal
Subjects: 300 Social sciences > 301 Sociology and anthropology
Divisions: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Politik > 69201 - Sosiologi
Depositing User: Miswan Miswan
Date Deposited: 02 Dec 2025 04:27
Last Modified: 02 Dec 2025 04:27
URI: https://eprints.walisongo.ac.id/id/eprint/28503

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