Tinjauan hukum ekonomi syariah terhadap penetapan dana sedekah jariyah hasil panen : studi kasus Masjid Baitussalam Desa Karangrejo Kabupaten Demak
Aini, Isna Nuril (2024) Tinjauan hukum ekonomi syariah terhadap penetapan dana sedekah jariyah hasil panen : studi kasus Masjid Baitussalam Desa Karangrejo Kabupaten Demak. Undergraduate (S1) thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang.
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Abstract
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh takmir masjid Baitussalam yang mengadakan sedekah jariyah menggunakan hasil panen dan menetapkan sepihak tanpa bermusyawarah terlebih dahulu dengan petani. Selain itu, takmir dalam melakukan penarikan sedekah jariyah hasil panen dengan mengambil di sawah dan menimbangnya sendiri tanpa meminta izin dan persetujuan dari sang pemilik.
Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan jenis penelitian field research dengan pendekatan empiris dan jenis data primer serta pengumpulan data observasi dan wawancara serta dokumentasi.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dalam fiqih, sedekah jariyah yang ditetapkan nominalnya tidak dibenarkan karena menurut ahli fiqih sedekah at-tatawwu'iyyah (sedekah secara spontan Rida dan sukarela) tanpa dibatasi waktu dan jumlah tertentu. Jika dilihat dari segi rukun dan syaratnya takmir dalam melakukan penarikan sedekah belum terpenuhi secara sempurna karena syarat sah sedekah adalah tidak ada paksaan sehingga sedekah yang dilakukan (ikrah) adalah seseorang yang melakukan perbuatan yang tidak diridhoinya. Sedangkan dalam Teori dalam fiqih yang paling dekat dengan sedekah adalah hibah, bahwa syarat dan rukun hibah harus terpenuhi, karena melakukan hibah harus ada sang pemberi (wahib) dan penerima (mauhub lah) yaitu karena syarat sah hibah adanya ijab dan qabul antara petani dan takmir jika pemberi tidak ada maka akad menjadi tidak sempurna.
ABSTRACT:
This research was motivated by the takmir of the Baitussalam mosque who held alms using crops and determined unilaterally without prior consultation with farmers. In addition, takmir in withdrawing the harvest jariyah alms by taking it in the rice field and weighing it himself without asking for permission and approval from the owner.
The research method in this study is to use a type of field research with an empirical approach and primary data types as well as the collection of observation data and interviews as well as commentary.
The results of this study show that in fiqh, alms that are set in nominal terms are not justified because according to fiqh experts alms at-tatawwu'iyyah (spontaneous alms are rida and voluntary) without being limited by a certain time and amount. If viewed in terms of harmony and conditions, takmir in withdrawing alms has not been fulfilled perfectly because the valid condition of alms is that there is no coercion so that the alms that are done (ikrah) are someone who does an act that is not pleasing to him. While in the theory in fiqh that is closest to alms is a grant, that the conditions and pillars of the grant must be fulfilled, because to make a grant there must be a giver (wahib) and a recipient (mauhub lah), that is, because the legal condition of the grant is the existence of ijab and qabul between the farmer and the takmir if the giver is not there, then the contract becomes incomplete.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate (S1)) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Hukum ekonomi syariah; Penetapan; Sedekah; Hasil panen |
| Subjects: | 200 Religion (Class here Comparative religion) > 290 Other religions > 297 Islam and religions originating in it > 297.2 Islam Doctrinal Theology, Aqaid and Kalam > 297.27 Islam and social sciences > 297.273 Islam and economics |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum > 74234 - Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (Muamalah) |
| Depositing User: | Miswan Miswan |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Jul 2026 07:48 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Jul 2026 07:48 |
| URI: | https://eprints.walisongo.ac.id/id/eprint/30346 |
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