The sequence of verses and surah arrangement in Qur’an is tawqīfī, means it really based on Allah’s guidance that was delivered by Jibrīl to the prophet Muhammad. In other words, the arrangement and placement each verses and surah in Qur’an is same manner as found in muşĥaf now.
Nevertheless, there is Orientalist criticizes the sequence of Qur’an verses and surah by throwing fault to the revelation writer. In the book under title Richard Bell, Pengantar Studi al-Qur’an, Richard Bell reveals one of the examples for the parts of Qur’an that has no correlation with the context is surah al-Ghāshiyah verses 17 until 20. This surah was started by describing about hereafter jurisdiction and sin people destiny then continued by describing obedient people destiny. He argues that the verses 17 until 20 has no correlation either with the verses before (the verses 1-16) or after (the verses 21 until 26) and it is marked by the difference rhyme.
Therefore, to perceive this critique and question then appears one science in ‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān discourse namely Munāsabat science. It is a science that learns and examines the correlation between verses and uncovers the secret, wisdom or reason beyond the placement of verses and surah in Qur’an. By using Munāsabat science, the scholars make efforts seriously to find the correlation and messages beyond the secret of verses and surah placement in Qur’an based on each mufassir background trend. This effort in order to introduce the Qur’an aspects to explain the values that contains in Qur’an suit with the society development so that Qur’an can really function as guidance, separation between right and wrong, and Qur’an also can become solution for every problems in human life.
Among mufassir who focused on munāsabat discourse is Ibrāhīm bin ‘Umar al-Biqā‘ī (809-885 H/1406-1480 M) with his exegesis book Nażm al-Durar fī Tanāsub al-Āyāt wa al-Suwar. Meanwhile in other side, there is mufassir criticizes al-Biqā‘ī. He is Muĥammad Ţāhir Ibn ‘Āshūr (1296-1393 H/1878-1973 M) with his exegesis book Tafsīr al-Taĥrīr wa al-Tanwīr. According to Ibn ‘Āshūr, al-Biqā‘ī in many verses gave less satisfied explanation so that force reader to learn more deeply in order to be able to understand his exegesis book.
Based on this background, the researcher interest to research about the messages contained in Qur’an beyond munāsabat al-āyāt in surah al-Ghāshiyah to perceive the critique from Orientalist, Richard Bell, through comparative study between two mufassir who explain about the correlation of Qur’an, they are Ibrāhīm bin ‘Umar al-Biqā‘ī and Muĥammad Ţāhir Ibn ‘Āshūr.
By comparison method between both mufassir, this research get result that the critique of Orientalist that states the systematic of Qur’an is confused and has no correlation idea in the explanation of verses especially in surah al-Ghāshiyah is not correct. According to Ibrāhīm bin ‘Umar al-Biqā‘ī and Muĥammad Ţāhir ibn ‘Āshūr, the correlation among verses in surah al-Ghāshiyah refers to the aim of this surah descent that is the warning for people who refuse Allah’s mighty to resurrect human being in the day of Resurrection and do accounting and give requital toward all actions which they have done during their life in the world.