The focus of this study is uncovering a Pegon script as a symbol of Islamic resistance in Java in the XVIII–XIX Century. The author thinks that the emergence of Pegon Script was based on primordial and political reasons. It is because most of the Javanese people were still using symbols and beliefs previous. Therefore syncretism is a theological fact of the conversion process is not yet complete culture in the Islamization of the Javanese people. Aculturation between Arabic letters and the Java language has become a barometer of local independence Islam in Java since centuries ago. Associated by this study, the authors look at the elements of resistance of scholars in the use of the Pegon script. This situation can be seen in the socio-historical context which showed that the colonialism era was ongoing on Java in the eighteenth to nineteenth century. While on the other hand, the wave of Islamic Puritanism also became a threat of local Islam. Thus the Pegon script was a symbol of resistance to colonialism and Islamic exclusivism by the scholars and Javanese people. By the socio-historical approach, this study seeks to explore the symbolic meanings of resistences of Islam in Java by Pegon Script.