This research was aimed to analyze the students’ need analysis, to explain the development, to analyze the validity and reliability, and to explain the effectiveness of higher order thinking skill (HOTS)-Based Reading assessment instrument of analytical exposition text using Google form for the eleventh grade of senior high school. Research and Development (R&D) was used as a research design in this research. The subjects of this research were the eleventh grade students that consisted of 20 students as experimental class and 20 students as control class. The instruments used in this research were observation guideline, interview guideline, questionnaire, and test that consisted of pre-test and post-test. The data gathered were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The HOTS of reading assessment instrument was designed for analytical exposition text and developed in the form of Google Form. The result of this research are explained as follow: 1) HOTS reading assessment instrument is needed since students need reading assessment instrument that can encourage their higher order thinking skills; 2) the development of the product was done through the design model proposed by Borg and Gall with the following procedures: need analysis, planning, designing preliminary form of product, preliminary field testing, main product revision, main field testing, and revision; 3) the effectiveness of the product is supported by the result of students’ post-test score, that is 76.8 which has higher than the result of students’ pre-test score, 60.6 and minimum criteria, 65; the total validation from validator I, II, and III was 83% which indicates that the product is valid. From the result, it can be concluded that HOTS of reading assessment instrument of analytical exposition text using Google Form is effective for encouraging students’ higher order thinking skill and can be implemented.