The objectives of this study are to find out and analyze what the common type and construction of noun phrase used in short story entitled The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes is and also to know what teaching approach can be used to teach noun phrase.
This study is descriptive qualitative study. It is kind of method which is conducted by collecting data, analyzing the data, and drawing representative conclusion. The writer collected and analized the types and constructions of noun phrases in The Adventure of Sherlock Holmes. The total number of the data is 187 noun phrases. After being documented, the writer classified them based on the types and constructions of noun phrase then inserted into a table.
As result of this study, the writer can conclude that there are three types of noun phrase which are found in the story entitled The Adventure of Sherlock Holmes. They are pre-modified noun phrase, post-modified noun phrase and pre-post-modified noun phrase. The most common type that is used in this story is pre-modified noun phrase. There are 135 Pre-Modified Noun Phrases, followed by pre-modified-post-modified noun phrase, 48 noun phrases. The least is post-modified noun phrase, just 5 noun phrases.
There are eight classifications of modifier composition that builds noun phrase. Those are determiner, enumerator, adjective, noun, adverb, prepositional phrase, relative clause and other form of post-modifier. This story, The Adventure of Sherlock Holmes, applies all kinds of noun phrase using various kinds of modifier. The most common modifier used in this story is determiner that found in 132 noun phrases. Then, it is followed by enumerator found in 48 noun phrases. Adjective to be the next common modifier found in 45 noun phrases. After that, relative clause becomes the fourth range of the common modifier that is found in 15 noun phrases. Noun is the next that is found in 13 noun phrases. The least is adverb, it is only found in one noun phrase. The patterns of noun phrase construction that found in The Adventure Sherlock Holmes are:1) e+N+PP, 2) d+N, 3)d+N+PP, 4) adj+N, 5) e+adj+N, 5) e+adj+N, 6) d+N+N, 7) d+adj+N+PP, 8) d+adj+N+RCL, 9) N+PP, 10) N+adj, 11) e+adj+N+PP, 12) e+N, 13) adj+N+N, 14) e+adv+adj+N, 15) N+ RCL.
From the result of this study, the writer can conclude that cognitive approach can be used to teach noun phrase as stated in chapter II that good teaching has some goals. It needs an approach and some techniques to reach those goals. In this study the writer suggested using cognitive approach to teach noun phrase and also the writer applied some techniques in it such as using game. A game can be used as a technique to teach noun phrase because there are some benefit of using game