Etos kerukunan keagamaan orang Islam Jawa : studi terhadap pemikiran Raja Mangkunegara IV

Daryono, Daryono (2023) Etos kerukunan keagamaan orang Islam Jawa : studi terhadap pemikiran Raja Mangkunegara IV. Dr/PhD thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang.

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Abstract

Disertasi ini hasil penelitian kepustakaan bertujuan memahami etos kerukunan keagamaan orang Islam Jawa menurut pemikiran Raja Mangkunegara IV seperti diungkapkan di berbagai kepustakaan Islam kejawen dalam wacana kolonial sebagai pembaruan pada sikap moral leluhur. Alasan tujuan itu karena strategi pemberdayaan sikap moral leluhur tidak sesuai tiga ciri khas nilai moral budaya Jawa: harmonis, struktural fungsional dan, transendental yang telah berkembang dalam kondisi kolonial. Mangkunegara IV telah memperbarui sikap moral leluhur disebut transformasi sosial bersifat feodal Jawa menjadi feodal Belanda berpaham merkantilisme dalam tradisi kekeluargaan keraton Mangkunegaran. Analisa transformasi sosial itu menggunakan analisis isi melalui pendekatan hermeneutik, menerapkan metode historis dan verstehen seperti pada hermeneutik ilmiah maupun antropolinguistik. Transformai sosial itu perspektifnya didekati dengan sosio historis dan normatif serta dianalisa melalui etika normatif dan meta etika. Analisa dan pendekatan itu menghasilkan konstruksi teoritis sikap moral atau etos kerukunan keagamaan orang Islam Jawa sebagai pengalaman kegamaan dalam tradisi kekeluargaan keraton Mangkunegaran.
Konstruksi teoritisnya terdiri tiga sikap baik (budi luhur) yaitu, pertama, bersikap baik atau hormat dan peduli terhadap apa saja. Kedua, bersikap baik atau hormat dan peduli serta rukun terhadap sesama manusia. Ketiga, sesuai budaya atau pengalaman keagamaan orang Islam Jawa. Ketiganya merupakan identitas etos kerukunan keagamaan orang Islam Jawa atau pengalaman yang lebih realistis dan rasional sesuai tuntutan kewajiban dan kebutuhan dunia kehidupan sosial budaya, ekonomi dan politik semasanya dalam kondisi kolonial.
Strategi implementasi etos kerukunan keagamaan orang Islam Jawa atau pengalaman keagamaan tersebut melalui bersikap moral atau beretos tepo seliro (tenggang rasa) dan andhapasor (rendah hati). Tujuannya agar ojo mitunani wong liyo (jangan merugikan orang lain) dan amamangun karyenak tyasing sesami (berusaha supaya orang lain dan dirinya hidup bahagia dan sejahtera). Strategi tersebut sesuai pada pertama, doktrin ajaran Islam misalnya : rahmatan lil’alamin (QS: al-Anbiya’:107) sebagai kemajuan yang manusiawi melalui pendekatan tutwuri handayani. Kedua, pembangunan etis yang berkelanjutan dan ketiga, sesuai dengan sikap multikulturalis, objektivikasi teosentris-humanistis, objektivikasi Islam kolaboratif serta, pluralisme modern. Strategi implementasi etos kerukunan keagamaan orang Islam Jawa atau pengalaman keagamaan menurut pemikiran Mangkunegara IV itu mungkin bisa menjadi pelajaran yang bermanfaat visi etisnya sebagai solusi problem konflik sosial dan kerusuhan bernuansa agama atau SARA di Indonesia.

ABSTRACT:
This dissertation is the result of library research aimed at understanding the ethos of religious harmony of Javanese Muslims according to the thoughts of Mangkunegara IV as contained in a literary work called kejawen Islamic literature in colonial discourse as a renewal of ancestral moral attitudes. The reason he did this was because the three moral values or local wisdom of Javanese culture, namely harmonious, structural functional and transcendental references to ancestral moral norms that were feudal in character in Java, could be socially transformed into feudal Dutch with mercantilism. This renewal is called social transformation through the family tradition of the Mangkunegaran palace by being kind according to nobility (local genius) in theoretical construction.
The theoretical construction consists of three ways of being kind, namely, being kind or respectful and caring about anything, being kind or respectful and caring and getting along well with fellow human beings and, according to the culture or religious experience of Javanese Muslims. All three are the identity of the ethos of religious harmony of Javanese Muslims or a religious experience that is more realistic and rational as demands of obligations and needs of the world of socio-cultural, economic and political life during colonial conditions.
The implementation strategy is the ethos of religious harmony of Javanese Muslims or religious experience with a moral attitude or ethos of tepo seliro (tolerant) and andhapasor (humble) aiming for the sake of ojo mitunani wong liyo (don't harm others) and amamangun karyenak tyasing sasami (trying for others for a happy and prosperous life). The strategy is in accordance with a), humane progress through the tutwuri handayani approach b), sustainable ethical development and c), in accordance with a multiculturalist attitude, theocentric-humanistic objectification, collaborative Islamic objectification and, modern pluralism. Analysis for understanding uses content analysis through normative ethical and meta-ethical analysis approaches, applying the verstehen method as used in scientific hermeneutics and anthropolinguistics. The strategy for implementing the Javanese Muslim ethos of religious harmony or religious experience, according to Mangkunegara IV's thinking, is possible to be a useful lesson in his ethical vision as a solution to problems of social conflict and riots with religious nuances or SARA in Indonesia.

Item Type: Thesis (Dr/PhD)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Etos kerukunan; Kerukanan agama; Mangkunegara IV; Orang Islam Jawa
Subjects: 200 Religion (Class here Comparative religion) > 201 Religious mythology, general classes of religion, interreligious relations and attitudes, social theology
Divisions: Program Pascasarjana > Program Doktor (S3) > 76003 - Studi Islam (S3)
Depositing User: Miswan Miswan
Date Deposited: 19 Nov 2024 07:43
Last Modified: 19 Nov 2024 07:43
URI: https://eprints.walisongo.ac.id/id/eprint/25196

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